مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت
سال نهم شماره 1 (بهار 1401)

Bromobenzene is an environmental toxin whose metabolites cause renal toxicity. The mechanism involved in toxicity includes oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of berberine against bromobenzene-induced renal toxicity in male NMRI mice.

In this experimental study, subjects were divided into five groups. Group I: control: recipient of normal salineGroup II: recipient of bromobenzene at a dose of 0.36 ml/kg intraperitoneally on the tenth day. Third, fourth and fifth groups: recipient of berberine at doses of 25, 50, 100 mg/kg, orally for 10 days successively, and bromobenzene at a dose of 0.36 ml/kg intraperitoneally. 24 hours after the last administration, blood samples were taken from animals and renal markers were measured. The right kidney was used to measure markers of oxidative stress and the left kidney was used for histological studies.

The results of this study revealed that bromobenzene administration causes a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen creatinine, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, as well as a significant reduction of glutathione levels and activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes than the control group (p<0.05). But berberine causes a significant decrease in blood urea nitrogen creatinine, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, as well as a significant increase of glutathione levels and activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes than the bromobenzene group (p<0.05).

The present study indicates that treatment with berberine significantly improved renal function and reduced oxidative damage to kidney tissue in bromobenzene-induced toxicity.

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in women worldwide. Therefore, cancer screening biomarker, for early detection and diagnosis, is urgently required for timely treatment and better cancer management. The aim of this study was to identify potential biomarkers associated with breast cancer using databases and bioinformatics analyses.

In this study, an in silico approach was used for the identification of breast cancer associated biomarkers based on transcriptome data. Then, quantitative Real Time PCR technique (qRT-PCR) was used for differential expression analysis of identified biomarker.

Analysis of available cancer related databases revealed an association between increased expression of NKAIN1 gene and breast cancer.  Moreover, qRT-PCR technique confirmed the increased expression level of this gene in breast tumor tissues compared to normal tissues.

According to the results of in silico analysis and RT-PCR quantification, the NKAIN1 mRNA level can be used as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that destroys the nervous and central systems and is the main cause of non-traumatic neurological disability in adults. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in anxiety, rumination and fatigue in women with MS.

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all women with MS who were covered by the MS Association of Mazandaran province in 2021. The sample of this study was 30 women from the statistical population who were selected based on inclusion criteria and then randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. Data collection tools in this study included the Zung Anxiety Questionnaire, the Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow rumination questionnaire, and the Krupp & Pollina fatigue questionnaire. Then, Therapeutic interventions (MBCT) were performed on the experimental group during 8 sessions, 90-minutes each session, once a week. The control group did not receive any training. Data were analyzed by SPSS22 software using multivariate analysis of covariance

The findings revealed that the mean scores of anxiety and rumination were significantly reduced compared to the control group (p<0/001). However, no significant decrease was observed in fatigue scores compared to the control group (p>0/05).

Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that MBCT reduces anxiety and rumination in women with MS but does not have any effects on their fatigue.

Gene mutations in diabetic patients is a major cause of apoptosis in myocytes. Optimal volume training with curcumin intake improves cardiomyopathy in diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of high intensity interval training with curcumin supplement on the gene expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in the cardiomyocytes of rats in type 2 diabetes.

The present study adopted an experimental design in which 40 male diabetic rats were divided into 5 groups of 8; High intensity interval training (HIIT), High intensity interval training+ curcumin (S+HIIT), Diabetic Control+curcumin (S+DC), Diabetic Control (DC), Normal Control (NC). After inducing diabetes, Curcumin was gavaged in all Groups, excluding Normal Control and Diabetic Control Groups, With two hundred mg/kg of Dosage of body weight five days a week for four weeks. 24 hours after the last workout training and recovery session, the subjects were sacrificed and their left ventricle was extracted. Glucose oxidase was used to measure glucose in plasma using ELISA method to measure insulin levels and HOMA-IR method was used to measure insulin resistance index. To determine the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 genes, PCR-Real time method and group comparison were used by Two-way ANOVA test at alpha level of 0.05.

The decrease in Bax gene expression in S+HIIT group compared to the DC (p<0.001), S+DC (p<0.01), and HIIT group was significant respectively compared to the DC and S+DS groups (p<0.05) and (p<0.001). The increased in Bcl-2 gene expression in S+HIIT group respectively compared to the DC (p<0.05) and S+DC (p<0.05) and in HIIT group was significant recpectively compared to the DC and S+DC groups (p<0.001) and (p<0.05). The decrease in Caspase-3 gene expression in S+HIIT group compared to the HIIT (p<0.05), DC (p<0.05), S+DC groups (p<0.05) and in the HIIT group was significant compared to the DC (p<0.01) and S+DC groups (p<0.01).

The results showed that high intensity interval training with curcumin supplementation reduced Bax and Caspase-3 genes. Moreover, increasing the gene expression of Bcl-2 due to high intensity interval training with curcumin supplementation can possibly improve diabetic apoptosis in myocardial. The combination of exercise with curcumin supplementation and the interactive role of these two factors may have led to modulations in apoptosis-related genes.

Oxide stress is important in the pathology of schizophrenia especially in the brain and it is higher than normal in these patients. In this study, we investigated the effect of intense intermittent exercise on serum glutathione and malondialdehyde in male schizophrenic patients.

28 male schizophrenic patients with a mean age of 39 years who were under the care of Yas Medical Center in Zahedan city were randomly assigned to two groups of exercise (n = 14) and control (n = 14). Subjects performed intense intermittent exercise with an intensity of 70 to 85% of maximum heart rate for 8 weeks, three sessions per week. Two rounds of blood sampling were performed 24 hours before and after exercise, and serum glutathione and malondialdehyde were measured by ELISA and spectrophotometry, respectively.

Serum glutathione increased significantly, after 8 weeks of training, compared to pre-test values (p <0.001). Moreover, the amount of serum glutathione increased significantly in the exercise group compared to the control group (p <0.05). On the other hand, the amount of serum malondialdehyde had a significant decrease in the exercise group after training (p <0.05); and a significant difference in the amount of malondialdehyde was observed between the two groups after 8 weeks (p <0.01).

Regular, continuous, intense intermittent exercise may reduce cellular and molecular damage and increase serum glutathione levels in schizophrenics, and ultimately improves symptoms by inhibiting the production of malondialdehyde as an indicator of free radical production.

Mitochondrial biogenesis is a complex cycle that involves the coordination between the expression of mitochondrial genes and nuclear genes, and then the entry of products into the organelle and the continuity of the circulation of this cycle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two types of interval training intensity on mitochondrial NRF1 and NRF2 mitochondrial gene expression in male rats’ myocardial infarction models

In this experimental study, 24 male stroke rats exposed to isoproterenol, were randomly divided into three groups: high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIT), moderate-intensity intermittent exercise (MIIT), and control (C). Exercise groups were influenced by periodic exercise for 8 weeks. Exercise in the two groups of high and medium intensity, with the same distance traveled, included 10-minute activities with an intensity of 85-90 and 70-65% VO2max.;at this time the control group did not have a training program. Mitochondrial NRF1 and NRF2 gene expression was obtained by real-time PCR.

Significant differences were observed in the expression of mitochondrial NRF1 and NRF2 genes in cardiomyocytes of male myocardial infarction rats in three training and control groups (p≥ 0.001). The results of Tukey test showed a significant increase in NRF1 and NRF2 gene expression in the two interval training groups compared to the control group (p≥ 0.001). However, HIIT had more effects

In general, HIIT and MIIT appear to increase myocardial mitochondrial biogenesis..

Colon cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. Portulaca oleracea, on the other hand, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise and aqueous extract of portulaca oleracea on gene expression of factors involved in apoptosis in rats with colon cancer.

In an experimental study, 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were selected as subjects and randomly divided into 5 groups including healthy control group, tumor-induction control, colon tumor and aerobic exercise, colon tumor and portulaca oleracea seed extract. Colon tumor + aerobic exercise and portulaca oleracea extract were divided. 10 mg azoxethane per kg body weight was used to cause colon cancer. Groups receiving portulaca oleracea extract received 75 mg of aqueous extract of portulaca oleracea intraperitoneally. The aerobic exercise program consisted of eight weeks and five weekly sessions of running on a treadmill for 60 minutes. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, the mice were sacrificed and colon tissue was immediately removed from the body to measure gene expression. The amount of genes was analyzed using two-way analysis of variance.

Aerobic exercise, portulaca oleracea extract and the combination of these two interventions significantly increased the expression of BAX (p <0.001) genes, BAX to BCL-2 ratio (p <0.001), Caspase-3 (p <0.001) and decreased BCL-2 (p <0.001). No significant difference was observed between the effect of aerobic exercise and portulaca oleracea seed extract.

Aerobic exercise and aqueous extract of portulaca oleracea may control and improve the symptoms of colon cancer. Therefore, it is recommended that these two interventions be an effective method to inhibit the growth of colon cancer.

Moderate volume interval training regulates gene expression in patients with diabetes and reduces the risks of hyperglycemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the eeffects of high intensity interval Training on the gene expression of Adiponectin and Resistin in adipose tissue of diabetic Rats.

The present study was experimental. To this end, 24 diabetic male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n-8); normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), high intensity interval training (HIIT). Diabetes was induced in all groups expect for normal control group by intraperitoneal streptozotocin injection after 12 hours of fasting. Glucose oxidase was used to measure glucose in plasma using ELISA method to measure insulin levels.HOMA-IR method was used to measure insulin resistance index. Real-time PCR technique was used to evaluate the gene expression of the Adiponectin and Resistin. Comparison of groups was performed by (one way ANOVA) at the alpha level of 0.05.

Adiponectin gene expression was significantly increased in HIIT group compared to DC group (p<0.05). Resistance gene expression in HIIT group was significantly reduced compared to DC group (p≤0.001). Insulin resistance was significantly reduced in the HIIT group.

The results showed that intense intermittent exercise reduced insulin resistance and possibly regulated cellular metabolism by increasing adiponectin gene expression and decreasing resistin gene.